低温阀门冷态试验的稳态传热模拟与分析

利用有限元分析软件ANSYS对为控制20 K温度的氦气而设计的低温阀门在正常运行和冷态试验状态下的温度场进行模拟与分析。针对冷态试验状态下拉杆处出现冻结的问题,提出在上阀体处添加绝热层的方案,通过进一步的模拟计算预测其改进的效果。     

Emergency response to disaster-struck scale-free network with redundant systems

Disasters cause tremendous damage every year. In this paper, we have specifically studied emergency response to disaster-struck scale-free networks when some nodes in the network have redundant systems. If one node collapses, its redundant system will substitute it to work for a period of time. In the first part, according to the network structure, several redundant strategies have been formulated, and then our studies focused on their effectiveness by means of simulation. Results show that the strategy based on total degrees is the most effective one. However, many nodes still collapse in the end if redundant systems do not have sufficient capability, so emergency responses are necessary. Several emergent strategies controlling the distribution of external resources have been proposed in the second part. The effectiveness of those emergent strategies are then studied from three aspects, such as the effect of strategies on spreading processes, minimum sufficient quantities of external resources and determination of the most appropriate emergent strategy. In addition, the effects of redundant intensity on these aspects have been discussed as well.     

可见/近红外光谱法无损检测赣南脐橙可溶性固形物

应用可见/近红外光谱法对赣南脐橙可溶性固形物进行了无损检测研究。通过主成分分析,获取光谱的有效信息,将其作为人工神经网络的输入变量进行非线性建模。90个建模样品训练结果是,样品参考值与预测值之间的相关系数为0.9147,训练均方差为0.5203;38个未知样品预测结果是:样品参考值与预测值之间的相关系数为0.9033,预测均方差为0.6964,相对预测偏差4.5709%。实验结果表明基于人工神经网络的可见/近红外光谱法无损检测赣南脐橙可溶性固形物是可行的。     

Luminescence spectra of stilbene-3 doped lead-tin-fluorophosphate glass excited by VUV-UV synchrotron radiation

The stilbene-3 doped lead-tin-fluorophosphate glasses were successfully prepared and the luminescence spectra obtained from VUV-UV synchrotron radiation were investigated. The emission peaked about 440 nm from the undoped glass is observed at low temperature but quenches at room temperature. The doped glass exhibits strong characteristic emission of stilbenen-3 with 467 and 436 nm Gaussian bands under ultraviolet 250-330 nm excitation (characteristic excitation of stilbene-3) but weak emission under vacuum ultraviolet 190 nm excitation (host excitation). It is suggested that the energy transfer from host to the stilbene-3 dye can occur but the efficiency is still fairly low.     

Auto‐Tandem Cooperative Catalysis Using Phosphine/Palladium: Reaction of Morita–Baylis–Hillman Carbonates and Allylic Alcohols

Auto‐tandem catalysis (ATC), in which a single catalyst promotes two or more mechanistically different reactions in a cascade pattern, provides a powerful strategy to prepare complex products from simple starting materials. Reported here is an unprecedented auto‐tandem cooperative catalysis (ATCC) for Morita–Baylis–Hillman carbonates from isatins and allylic carbonates using a simple Pd(PPh₃)₄ precursor. Dissociated phosphine generates phosphorus ylides and the Pd leads to π‐allylpalladium complexes, and they undergo a γ‐regioselective allylic–allylic alkylation reaction. Importantly, a cascade intramolecular Heck‐type coupling proceeds to finally furnish spirooxindoles incorporating a 4‐methylene‐2‐cyclopentene motif. Experimental results indicate that both Pd and phosphine play crucial roles in the catalytic Heck reaction. In addition, the asymmetric versions with either a chiral phosphine or chiral auxiliary are explored, and moderate results are obtained.     

2D Monoelemental Germanene Quantum Dots: Synthesis as Robust Photothermal Agents for Photonic Cancer Nanomedicine

As a new family member of the emerging two‐dimensional (2D) monoelemental materials (Xenes), germanene has shown promising advantages over the prototypical 2D Xenes, such as black phosphorus (BP) and graphene. However, efficient manufacture of novel germanene nanostructures is still a challenge. Herein, a simple top‐down approach for the liquid‐exfoliation of ultra‐small germanene quantum dots (GeQDs) is presented. The prepared GeQDs possess an average lateral size of about 4.5 nm and thickness of about 2.2 nm. The functionalized GeQDs were demonstrated to be robust photothermal agents (PTAs) with outstanding photothermal conversion efficacy (higher than those of graphene and BPQDs), superior stability, and excellent biocompatibility. As a proof‐of‐principle, 2D GeQDs‐based PTAs were used in fluorescence/photoacoustic/photothermal‐imaging‐guided hyperpyrexia ablation of tumors. This work could expand the application of 2D germanene to the field of photonic cancer nanomedicine.     

The Synthesis of Chitosan Decorated Reduced Graphene Oxide‐Ferrocene Nanocomposite and its Application in Electrochemical Detection Rhodamine B

Chitosan (CS) decorated reduced graphene oxide‐Ferrocene nanocomposite (RGO?Fc?CS) was synthesized by a one‐pot reaction. In the synthesis process of RGO?Fc?CS, GO?Fc was successfully self‐assembled via the π–π interaction, which had the features of large surface area and the high load. Then GO‐Fc and CS linked via one‐pot under alkaline conditions. The FT?IR, TGA, SEM were employed to characterize the successful synthesis of RGO?Fc?CS composites. A miniature electrochemical system was fabricated by RGO?Fc?CS modified glassy carbon electrode (expressed as RGO?Fc?CS/GCE) for the sensitive detection of RhB enantiomers via DPV. Electrochemical results revealed that the RGO?Fc?CS/GCE exhibited high molecular recognition toward RhB. Due to the synergy between the RGO?Fc and CS, the RGO?Fc?CS/GCE showed a linear range of 0.001–70 μM with a LOD of 0.5 nM, indicating that RGO?Fc?CS/GCE has broad application prospects to simplify monitor RhB real‐time.     

Emerging Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Cancer Therapy

Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have drawn tremendous attention due to their unique physicochemical properties and promising applications in the fields of electronics, energy storage, and catalysis. Recently, the biomedicine community has gradually started to recognize the great potential of these nanostructured materials for biomedical applications – in particular those related to cancer therapy. In this review, we provide a brief overview of a few representative 2D nanomaterials, discuss their preparation strategies and physicochemical properties, and highlight their applications in cancer nanomedicine. We expect that this review will shed some light on the new opportunities associated with 2D nanomaterials for biomedical research.     

铁电存储器~(60)Co γ射线及电子总剂量效应研究

以型号为FM28 V100的铁电存储器为研究对象,进行了~(60)Co γ射线和2 Me V电子辐照实验.研究了铁电存储器不同工作方式、不同辐射源下的总剂量辐射损伤规律,用J-750测试部分直流参数和交流参数,分析了存储器敏感参数的变化规律.实验结果表明:对动态、静态加电、静态不加电三种工作方式下的结果进行比较.其中静态加电工作方式下产生的陷阱电荷最多,是存储器最恶劣的工作方式;器件的一些电参数随总剂量发生变化,在功能失效之前部分参数已经失效;在静态加电这种最恶劣的工作方式下,得到~(60)Co γ射线比电子造成更加严重的辐照损伤.